Learning Objective: This is a discussion class. At the end of the session, the participants are expected to have developed their critical thinking skills and conversation skills.




As the World Cup continues, we turn our sights to Africa: In the Congo, a certification system aims to help ensure the sale of "clean" - or "conflict-free" - coltan ore. And in South Africa, we'll examine a climate project that has received the Gold Standard seal of quality.




The Democratic Republic of Congo: Combating Illegal Coltan Mining


The Democratic Republic of Congo has rich deposits of gold, diamonds, copper and other minerals that unscrupulous business people have been eager to exploit. Rebel groups have used the sale of raw materials to fund civil war, and Rwandan militias in eastern Congo are capitalizing on the sale of coltan, a crucial raw material in the manufacture of electronic devices.

Now, developed countries are stepping up pressure on industry to buy exclusively "clean," or "conflict-free," raw materials.

The United Nations has suggested developing a certification scheme to stamp out the trade of "dirty" or illegally mined materials.



Discussion

Do you think that "exploitation" of the mineral deposits in DRC is already taking place? Explain your answer.

Are you in favor of the UN's suggestion of developing a certification scheme? Explain your answer.
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Ghana's Oil Reserves: A Blessing and a Curse


Oil was discovered along the coast of Ghana three years ago. Drilling is scheduled to begin in late October 2010.

The state-run oil company, the Ghana National Petroleum Corporation, estimates that oil exports could bring in about $1.2 billion each year.

The money would fund efforts to modernize Ghana's economy - but many residents are doubtful they'll ever see any of those profits.



Discussion

Is this truly a good news for the people of Ghana?

How is it that its very people are doubtful about the state-run oil company's intention?
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South Africa: A Climate Protection Guarantee

Khayelitsha is the largest township near Cape Town, South Africa. More people are moving in every day, but infrastructure isn't keeping up. Many residents have no power or hot water. The "Kuyasa" climate protection project launched here received the first Gold Standard quality benchmark worldwide.

The recognition ensures that projects follow Kyoto Protocol guidelines and actually reduce emissions of harmful greenhouse gases. Gold Standard projects must adhere to strict requirements - the goal is to improve both the climate and living conditions for local residents.



Discussion

How do you find this news?

What good does it bring to receive a recognition of Gold Standard quality?